Colon Cancer Is on the Rise in Young Adults

You might believe that colon cancer is only a problem for older adults—but you’d be wrong. Colorectal cancer cases (which includes both colon and rectal cancers) in Americans under the age of 50 have increased by about 50% in the last thirty years, including new cases in people who are only in their 20s and 30s. Learn what you need to know to safe at any age from this serious disease. 

Why Are Younger People Getting Colon Cancer? 

Cases of younger people with colorectal cancer are on the rise. Researchers point to a variety of possible explanations. Most agree that our diet is one of the likely causes. People whose diets are high in sugary drinks, processed foods, and red meat—foods Americans are eating more and more of—have an increased likelihood of developing colon and rectal cancers. They’re also more likely to have a recurrence of cancer or to die from it, compared to people who eat lots of fresh and minimally processed foods. 

How Can I Protect Myself from Colorectal Cancer?

Know the symptoms. Early symptoms of colorectal cancer include blood in your stool, a change in bowel habits, weight loss for no known reason, feeling bloated or fullness, lower stomach cramping, and fatigue. Report any of these symptoms to your primary care provider. 

Early screening saves lives. While colorectal cancer is expected to be diagnosed 153,020 times and cause 52,550 deaths in 2023, when it’s detected early, it’s very treatable. This, coupled with the fact that many people with colon cancer experience no symptoms in the early stage of the disease, makes early, regular screening a lifesaver. According to the American Cancer Society, adults should begin screening at age 45. If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, let your health care provider know. 

Eat healthy foods and move your body. More than half of all colorectal cancers are linked to risk factors that you have control over. That’s good news! Eating a healthy diet, including plenty of fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains; not smoking or using tobacco products; being physically active; maintaining a healthy weight; and limiting or eliminating alcohol from your diet may protect you from colon and rectal cancers.

Do I Have to Have a Colonoscopy? 

There are multiple choices for preventative screenings for colon cancer, including a colonoscopy, a sigmoidoscopy, or stool-based tests, such as the fecal-immunochemical test (FIT) or stool DNA test, both of which can be done at home. If you’re age 45 and at average risk with no symptoms, you can typically pick whichever screening method is most convenient for you. If you’re at higher risk due to family history or other risk factors, a colonoscopy will likely be recommended, and you may be advised to begin screening earlier. Speak with your primary care provider about which screening is best for you and at what age you should begin. 

AwarenessPhysical Health

Top 5 Foods for Staying Hydrated

Our cells, blood, muscles, tissues, and brain all rely on water to function properly. Staying hydrated is vital to keep your body well and to avoid overheating, especially in the summertime, during extreme heat waves, and if you work outdoors or are active. To stay hydrated, you need to drink enough water and eat water-rich foods to replace the water and electrolytes you lose through sweat. Read on to learn how much water you need, how to tell if you’re getting enough water, and which foods are best at keeping you well-hydrated on hot summer days.

How Much Water Do You Need Each Day?

So, how much water do you need every day, exactly? It depends. Your hydration needs vary depending on your age, size, activity level, and how much you sweat. The National Academy of Medicine recommends that the average adult drink 92 ounces of water per day for women and 125 ounces per day for men.

Not a big fan of H20? Try infusing water with fruits and vegetables for more flavor. Crush mint and strawberries into water and let it sit for a while for a refreshing summer beverage.

Drinking enough water every day is essential to good health. Even so, you still need to eat water-rich foods to stay hydrated. We recommend that about one-fifth of your daily water intake come from what you eat.

Which Foods Are Most Hydrating?

Most foods contain some amount of water, but which ones are the most hydrating? Fruits and vegetables top the list. In general, fresh, local foods are the best source of hydration—not to mention vitamins and minerals you need to keep your body functioning well. Here are the top five fruits and vegetables to maximize hydration.

Top Five Foods for Hydration

1. Watermelons and other melons: At 92 percent water content, watermelon lives up to its name! Enjoy this summertime favorite, or other melons such as cantaloupe, which contains 90 percent water, to be hydrated and get plenty of vitamin A.

Try this Refreshing Watermelon Salad.

2. Cucumbers: Plentiful in summer gardens, cucumbers come at the right time of year. They are made of 96 percent water, low in calories, and a great source of magnesium and vitamin K, an essential nutrient for blood clotting and healthy bones.

Cucumber Quinoa Salad is a hit at cookouts. Be sure to leave cucumbers skins on for a healthy dose of fiber.

3. Lettuce: Eat your greens! With up to 96 percent water depending on the type of lettuce, salads are a healthy, quick way to stay fresh and hydrated all year long—and Romaine is #2 on our list of the Top Cheapest and Healthiest Greens.

Load up on nutrient-packed veggies and in-season greens with this Great Green Salad.

4. Tomatoes: At 95 percent water, tomatoes top the list of best foods for hydration not only because of their water content, but also for their potassium—it’s one of the key minerals you lose when you sweat!

Firing up the grill? Add some Blistered Cherry Tomatoes on top of your grilled chicken breast for a delicious, healthy dinner.

5. Strawberries: Chock full of vitamin C, manganese, and folate, it’s a good thing that strawberries are so easy to eat. Put them in smoothies or yogurt for a tasty summer treat that has 91 percent water.

While it’s hard to resist eating ripe summer strawberries by the handful, this Sparkling Strawberry Refresher will also quench your thirst.

Still Not Sure If You’re Getting Enough Water?

If you’re drinking water and eating hydrating foods, that’s great news for your health! But how can you tell if you’re getting enough water? There are two easy ways: check in with yourself and see 1) if you’re thirsty or 2) what color your pee is.

If you’re thirsty, chances are you need more water. (If you find yourself thirsty frequently, mention it to your doctor.)

The color of your urine is another quick and easy way to gauge if your water intake is enough. If your pee is clear or pale yellow, that’s a good sign you’re well hydrated. If it’s darker, you probably need to drink more water or eat more of the hydrating foods we mentioned above.

NutritionPhysical Health

Easy Tips for a Healthy Cookout

Summer: ‘tis the season for cookouts! While a typical BBQ can include some not-so-healthy menu items (hello, hot dogs!), it doesn’t have to be that way. Follow these tips to keep your backyard grilling light, healthy, nutritious—and fun!

Taste the best flavors of the season.

In Maine, summertime means plenty of local produce at its peak of flavor and freshness. Now’s the time to indulge! Bring along in-season veggies from the farmers’ market or your garden, fill your plate with fruits and veggies first, and offer some vegetables to the grillmaster.

Simply add a light coat of olive oil and herbs to grillable veggies like red peppers, corn on the cob, zucchini, cherry tomatoes, mushrooms, cauliflower, and eggplant; place directly on a hot grill, on a kebab, or atop a piece of tinfoil; and roast until tender and brown for a delicious, easy dish everyone can enjoy.

You can even add fruit to the grill for dessert! Peaches, plums, and nectarines are grill classics. Try a sprinkle of nutmeg before they go on or add some fresh mint sprigs afterwards for a taste that can’t be beat.

Go lean—or vegetarian.

Although some traditional fare at BBQs is loaded with fat, salt, sugar, and calories, a healthy barbecue can be had.

  • Pork has more cholesterol and fat than poultry.
  • Hot dogs contain unhealthy nitrates and a heavy dose of sodium.
  • Try lean cuts of meat, such as grilled chicken, turkey burgers, or fish.
  • Keep your protein portion small—about the size of your palm.
  • Opt for a vegetarian meal: tofu, tempeh, bean-based burgers, and portobello mushrooms are healthy alternatives that are easy to grill up. Consider marinating vegetarian proteins first for even more flavor.

“What can I bring?”

Many of us are trying to eat healthy these days. But what can you do when mayo-laden potato salads, bags of chips, and soda pop are there for the taking?

One simple trick for eating healthy at summer gatherings is to offer to bring a dish you know is healthy and help yourself to it. Chopped salads, veggies and a yogurt-based dip, or watermelon are all good choices. Browse our collection of healthy recipes for more inspiration.

Cheers!

Beverage choices abound at parties. Rather than sugary or alcoholic drinks like soda or beer at your next outdoor bash, drink plenty of water. It’s the heart-healthiest answer to “What would you like to drink?” Consider adding a slice of lemon or lime or some fresh herbs to make it feel more festive. Or mix up a batch of cool and refreshing Watermelon Lemonade.

Add a side of exercise.

Look for fun ways to add some movement to your cookout. Break out a croquet game, set up Twister, play family-friendly Mother May I?, or simply invite others along on a walk. Being outside with friends and family is great for your health—enjoy it!

NutritionPhysical Health

Top 11 Accessible Trails in Maine

Time outdoors provides a range of physical, emotional, and mental benefits for your health and well-being and is something that people of all abilities should be able to enjoy. Whether you have a wheelchair, walker, stroller, or another mobility device, or simply want to spend time in nature, here’s our list of some of Maine’s best accessible trails.

Wheelchair-Friendly Trails in Central Maine

1. In Central Maine, the Peabody-Fitch Woods and Narramissic Farm in Bridgton is a must. Go for a walk on this Loon Echo Land Trust property and see a Civil War-era farmhouse maintained by the Bridgton Historical Society. There is a half-mile, wheelchair-accessible trail around the meadow that has stunning mountain views.

2. In the Bangor area, the 1-mile Orono Bog Boardwalk is a wheelchair-friendly hike through a wide range of plants and animals in a Maine bog, some of which are described on illustrated signs along the way. Benches are provided at least every 200 feet along the trail. Please note that the bog walk is closed in winter.

3. Range Pond State Park in Poland, Maine, has a couple miles of handicapped-accessible trails, as well as a swimming transition dock for wheelchair users along the sandy beach and two accessible playgrounds. Open year-round, this is a popular place to be in Androscoggin County!

Wheelchair-Friendly Trails in Western Maine

4. The Bethel Pathway is a flat, paved, nearly 1-mile section of the 1.7-mile trail, with a main trailhead that begins at the Davis Park picnic area on ME-26 in Bethel, Maine. This easy-to-follow path connects several public areas, including the skate park, and goes over a miniature covered bridge and a single-span bridge over the Androscoggin River. There is another section of the pathway that is made from crushed stone, which goes east to Sunset Road. Though that portion of the path is not paved, it is still very hard and smooth.

5. The Sandy River Trail in Farmington, Maine, is a half-mile hike on crushed stone to the river banks. It is flat, fully accessible, and dogs are welcome. Begin at Prescott Field and travel out to the water and back.

6. If you’re looking for a chance to see moose, birds, and loons, the Magalloway River Trail has a three-quarter-mile section of the 1.3-mile trail that is wheelchair accessible. OK, technically the trail is in Wentworth’s Location, New Hampshire, but it is part of the Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge, which is in both Maine and New Hampshire. Follow the easy trail through the forest to a wildlife viewing platform that looks across the river. The orange and green trails are at least four feet wide and open year-round.

7. Paved and suitable for all ages and abilities, the half-mile Swift River Trail in Rumford, Maine, is through a forest that follows along the shallow, rocky Swift River at the edge of Hosmer Field Park.

Wheelchair-Friendly Trails in Southern Maine

8. In Southern Maine, the Timber Point Trail in the Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge is a 1.4-mile, universally accessible loop near Biddeford. You’ll pass salt marshes, cattail marshes, forest, mudflats, shrublands, and rocky shores on this hike. There is an elevated platform with views of the Little River, estuary, and islands.

9. Near Freeport, Maine, you’ll find Wolfe’s Neck State Park. The park is known for its nesting ospreys, white pine and hemlock forests, salt marsh estuary, and the rocky shoreline on Casco Bay and the Harraseeket River, and there is an ADA-compliant, family-friendly, gravel, half-mile loop trail along the shore there called White Pines Trail. The picnic areas and restrooms are large and include accommodations for people who use wheelchairs. There is a small entrance fee to access the park, and guided walks are offered sometimes.

Wheelchair-Friendly Trails in Midcoast Maine

10. Hidden Valley Nature Center in Jefferson, Maine, has an extensive network of trails over 1,000 acres of protected land in Lincoln County, including a mile of shorefront on Little Dyer Pond. Maintained by Midcoast Conservancy, several trails are made of gravel and crushed stone and are wheelchair accessible. There are guided walks and events here at times.

Wheelchair-Friendly Trails in Downeast Maine

In Downeast Maine, popular Acadia National Park is one of the most accessible parks in the U.S. With several wide carriage roads, it is a popular destination for those with strollers, wheelchairs, and bikes. There are also accessible trails, including Jesup Path and a route from Witch Hole and the Pond Carriage Trail to Eagle Lake. Please note that the national park charges an entrance fee.

Bonus: For more accessible hikes throughout the state of Maine, check out a comprehensive list created by Maine By Foot.

Local

How to Be Well

While it’s common to think of just your body when you think of health, there are other vital parts to consider: how you think, feel, and act, and the social support system you have in place—in other words, your behavioral/mental health and social well-being. These components (physical, mental, and social) combine to make up your whole health picture.

What’s the Difference between Health and Wellness?

The World Health Organization defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being,” while wellness is “the optimal state of health of individuals and groups,” which is expressed as “a positive approach to living.” Another way of putting it is that health is the goal while wellness is an active way to achieve that goal.

You cannot choose the state of your health, but you can choose wellness and exercise some control over your health. These choices are often referred to as “lifestyle” choices.

How to Prevent Diseases and Be Well

Wellness depends on healthy habits for your mind and body. These habits, which can prevent a whole host of illnesses, are lifestyle choices that you have considerable control over: nutrition, exercise, relaxation, sleep, and support.
Nutrition: Eat a balanced diet and stay hydrated. To help stay on track with healthy eating, download the MyPlate app for free.

Exercise: Be active! Adults should aim for 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise and two days of muscle strengthening activity each week. This helps your body and your mind.

Relaxation: Disconnect from devices and live in the moment. Mindfulness practices, yoga, deep breathing, and other stress-reduction strategies can help you relax and build up your ability to deal with stressful situations in the future.

Sleep: Get a good night’s sleep. Adults typically need at least 7 hours of sleep each night.

Support: Strive to make and keep friends, learn new things and discover new hobbies, be part of an active group, and care for others and yourself.

In addition to making healthy lifestyle choices, you want to reduce risk factors as much as possible. This includes practicing safe, consensual sex; reducing or eliminating alcohol use; leaving abusive situations; and stopping smoking and other substance use.

How to Improve Mental Wellness

All healthy lifestyle choices contribute to mental health and wellness. When you eat a healthy diet, for example, it affects your mood and can even reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Exercise reduces depression and anxiety as well, and it improves self-esteem and cognitive function. Relaxation calms us and clears our minds, aiding in positive thinking, concentration, memory, and decision making. Sleep helps maintain cognitive skills and too little of it increases stress, anger, and worsens mental health conditions. Social support fosters self-esteem, combats loneliness, and reduces distress when you’re faced with stressful events.

Being well is an active process. You have to keep making choices and sometimes changes to reach your best well-being, and sometimes you’ll need help along the way. As a patient-centered medical home, we recognize your whole health and treat all of it in one place. One way we may be able to help is through our integrated behavioral health care.

What’s the Difference between Mental Health and Behavioral Health?

As we see with wellness and health, sometimes terms are used interchangeably. So, what exactly is mental health, behavioral health, and integrated behavioral health?

Mental health is about thoughts and feelings. It includes biological and social factors that influence our mental state. A healthy mental state enables people to cope with the stresses of life, realize their abilities, learn and work well, and contribute to their community.
Behavioral health has to do with the specific actions people take. It’s about how you respond in different scenarios, and includes mental health as well as substance use, life stressors, stress-related physical symptoms, and lifestyle choices.

Integrated behavioral health care connects medical and behavioral health providers together, to collaborate with each other and their patients. It is a way of recognizing our whole selves.

At DFD Russell Medical Center, we practice integrated behavioral health. This blends care for medical conditions and related behavioral health factors that affect well-being. Because your physical, mental, and social health interact and affect each other, integrated care is the gold standard. Our team works together to keep you healthy.

Emotional HealthMental HealthPhysical Health

Calorie-Dense vs. Nutrient-Dense Foods

We can get confused easily by what to eat. There are hundreds of diets out there, thousands of foods, and your wallet can only stretch so far. How are you supposed to know what the right foods to eat are? If you’re determined to eat healthy or lose weight but don’t necessarily want to follow a diet, consider looking at your food choices through the lens of calorie-dense versus nutrient-dense food.

What is a Calorie?

First off, what is a calorie? Quite simply, a calorie is a unit of energy. Counting calories is one method to monitor your weight. An easier and perhaps more effective approach, however, might be to pay attention to whether the foods you are eating are calorie-dense or nutrient-dense.

What Does Calorie-Dense Food Mean?

Energy is vital for your life, and calories deliver energy, so calories=good, right?
Not so fast. You might think that the more calories you can get out of a meal, the better value for your dollar, but you’d be mistaken. When we eat and drink more calories than we use, our bodies store the excess calories as fat. This can lead to weight gain and obesity, which in turn puts you at higher risk for many chronic diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Not only are these illnesses expensive, they can be deadly.

So, what is calorie-dense food? Calorie-dense food is generally considered “empty-calorie” food: high in energy (calories) but low in nutritional value. These are foods you want to avoid—they are “empty” and “junk” food because they don’t help your health. They harm it.

Which Foods are Calorie Dense?

Examples of calorie-dense food include:

  • Highly processed foods, which have been stripped of their nutrients and have had fat, sugar, and/or salt added to them.
  • Sugar
  • Butter
  • White bread
  • Processed meats, such as bacon, hot dogs, deli meat, and sausage
  • Cakes, pies, and doughnuts
  • Cookies
  • Candy
  • Fast food
  • Fried food, including potato chips
  • Sugary drinks, like soda, sports drinks, juice, and energy drinks

What Does Nutrient-Dense Food Mean?

All foods contain nutrients, but some foods have more nutrients and are more beneficial to our bodies. These nutrient-dense foods are great sources of long-lasting energy, health, and vitality. They don’t provide as many calories as calorie-dense or “junk” food, and are high in nutrients that are important for your health, such as vitamins, minerals, fiber, protein, complex carbohydrates, and healthy fats.

Which Foods are Nutrient Dense?

Examples of nutrient-dense food include:

  • Fresh fruits
  • Vegetables (fresh or frozen)
  • Whole grains
  • Legumes, like beans, peas, tofu, and lentils
  • Lean protein, such as baked, skinless chicken
  • Nuts and seeds

Calorie-Dense vs. Nutrient-Dense: What to Eat

Research shows the average American has a diet that is energy-rich but nutrient-poor. This has huge impacts on our nation’s health.

A meta-analysis of scientific studies on people between the ages of 28 and 66 shows a significant link between choosing nutrient-dense foods and healthy body weights. If you are trying to lose weight or maintain a healthy weight, follow a diet high in nutrient-dense foods and avoid or limit calorie-dense foods.

How to Follow a Nutrient-Dense Diet

It can be hard to change habits. The benefits, however, are great. Here are a few small changes you can make to your meals to eat a healthier, nutrient-dense diet.

  • Replace sugary drinks with water. Try adding a slice of lemon if you like a bit more flavor.
  • Eat veggie sticks or a piece of fruit as an appetizer before your main course. This trick will help you feel fuller before you start a meal.
  • Add extra veggies to your dinner—as toppings, sides, or even the entrée.
  • Snack on fresh fruit, like an apple or orange, instead of sugary sweets.
  • When you crave something crunchy, try a small handful of nuts instead of salty pretzels or chips.
  • Switch from white pasta to brown rice.
  • Try a Meatless Monday and fix black bean tacos or vegetarian chili for a change.
  • Incorporate more of the top 9 cheapest and healthiest green veggies into your everyday meals.

Read more tips for healthier eating and consider scheduling a nutrition consultation with your primary care physician. Your health is worth it!

Nutrition

Top 9 Cheapest and Healthiest Green Veggies

Doctors and parents say “eat your greens!” for good reason. Full of vitamins, minerals, and fiber, green veggies are good for you. These foods lower your risk of obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems. But they aren’t always cheap. ($2 for an avocado, anyone?) Eating a healthy diet is possible on a budget, though. Read on to uncover the nine most healthy and inexpensive green vegetables, and how to best eat them.

1. Cabbage

Cabbage tops our list as the #1 lowest cost green vegetable with the highest amount of nutrients. In fact, it’s the cheapest fresh green veggie of all the ones the USDA has studied! Studies show this superstar may protect against cancer, especially lung and esophageal cancers, and lower your LDL, or “bad,” cholesterol levels. Cheap + healthy = cabbage.

How to cook cabbage: Eat cabbage raw. Braise, sauté, or roast it. Add to soups. Shred onto tacos or into coleslaw. Eat it fermented, as sauerkraut.

2. Romaine Lettuce

Romaine lettuce is one of the most affordable leafy greens. The USDA recommends you eat at least a half cup of green leafy plants every day. While iceberg lettuce is a veggie option that’s light on your pocketbook, as a dark leafy green, romaine lettuce is better for you. It has vitamins A and K, which are linked to lower risk of heart disease. Romaine lettuce also contains folic acid, which is important for healthy pregnancy, male fertility, and preventing depression. So, get more for your dollar at the grocery store and choose romaine.

How to eat romaine lettuce: Rinse, dry, and eat raw in salads. Try lightly grilling. Use lettuce leaves as wraps.

3. Beet Greens

Budget-friendly beet greens: a dark leafy vegetable, they are so healthy. With a flavor like kale (which almost made our list, too!), beet greens have vitamin K, which is linked to lowering chances of type 2 diabetes, and potassium, calcium, and riboflavin. Beets are usually sold with the greens attached, making it a two-for-one deal. Sometimes you can even get the greens for free, since some folks discard them and just eat the roots. Ask around at the farmers market.

How to cook beet greens: Sauté with olive oil and garlic or just add to frittatas, soups, or whole-grain pasta dishes in the last few minutes of cooking.

4. Broccoli

Broccoli is a green powerhouse, with loads of vitamins C and K, which may lower your risk of some types of cancer. It’s also one of the cheapest vegetables to buy and easy to find and use in many different dishes. Remember, the whole head can be eaten. If it’s a bit bitter for you, try peeling the outer layer of broccoli’s stem first.

How to cook broccoli: Eat raw. Blanch. Steam in the microwave or on the stovetop. Sauté. Roast. Add to stir fries, egg dishes, salads, soups, and casseroles.

5. Zucchini

A gardener’s delight, zucchini grows easily and quickly. It has vitamin C, manganese, and vitamin B6, which may protect against diabetes. Zucchini also helps your digestion and, with its cheap cost, your wallet.

How to cook zucchini: Great raw, steamed, and grilled. Try shredding into a salad, cooking a batch of fritters, or making “zoodles.”

6. Green Peas

Good ol’ green peas. They are so common, and so good for you. Full of vitamins C and E, zinc, and other antioxidants that strengthen your immune system, green peas are a heart-healthy vegetable with bonus points for its low price. If you’re low on cash and want to eat healthy and feel full, pick protein-packed green peas.

How to cook green peas: Boil briefly, steam, or sauté. Easy addition to almost any dish near the end of cooking time.

7. Green Beans

One of the most affordable green veggies when they’re canned, green beans have vitamins A, K, and C, plus a healthy dose of protein and fiber. Often, you’ll find cut green beans less expensive than whole.

How to cook green beans: Eat raw when fresh. Lightly steam. Add to soups near the end of cooking time.

8. Celery

Take care of your heart: eat more celery! Celery is so full of nutrients, including flavonoids, vitamin C, lunularin, phthalides, fiber, and other antioxidants, and it’s one of the most loved, budget-friendly vegetables.

How to cook celery: Eat raw (kids love ants on a log!). Sauté with onions and carrots to start dishes. Add to soups and stir fries.

9. Okra

This Southern favorite is a low-fat, low-calorie way to get your vitamins A and C, magnesium, and folate. Frozen okra often costs less money than the harder-to-find fresh kind here in New England.

How to cook okra: Steam, sauté, grill, or roast. Add to gumbo and casseroles.

Nutrition

Are Sugar Rushes Real?

You’ve probably been to a birthday party and heard parents commenting on their kids’ sugar rush. Or sighed yourself at the hyperactive energy on display after a round of trick-or-treating or Valentine’s Day candies. But are sugar highs fact or fiction?

It turns out sugar rushes are a myth. Scientists have looked at what happens to your body after you eat a lot of sugar. You don’t get a sugar “high” or a rush of energy; you crash, actually! After about an hour, you feel more tired and worse than you did before eating sugar. While sugar highs aren’t real, cutting down on sugar is still a good idea. Let’s look at why.

What Is Added Sugar?

There are many types of sugar: white sugar, brown sugar, raw sugar, honey, corn syrup, palm sugar, molasses, maple syrup, agave nectar, date syrup, maltose, etc. Nutritionally, sugars are fairly similar. They are simple carbohydrates consisting of glucose, fructose, and/or sucrose. You don’t need any added sugar in a healthy diet.

Why Is Sugar Bad for Us?

Sugar rushes may be fake, but sugar crashes, tooth decay, and the risk of serious medical conditions when we eat too many sweets is real. Why is excess sugar unhealthy?

Our livers turn excess sugar into fat. Too much sugar can cause fat to be deposited on our waist. This type of fat, known as visceral fat, is particularly harmful to our health. It increases the risk of serious health issues, heart disease and type 2 diabetes among them.

How Much Sugar Can I Eat?

The American Heart Association recommends limiting daily sugar intake to less than 6 teaspoons for women and children, and less than 9 teaspoons for men. Babies and toddlers under the age of two should have no added sugars. The average American adult eats a whooping 77 grams (or 18 teaspoons) of sugar per day. And the numbers for American children are even worse.

To live longer, healthier lives, we need to consume less added sugars.

Where Does Added Sugar Come From?

We don’t need added sugars, and we’re getting too many. Where is it all coming from?

Sugary drinks are a big culprit, especially soft drinks. In America, this accounts for more than 47% of all added sugars we eat. Look at what foods you’re eating, read food labels, and try to cut back on these common sources of added sugar:

  • Soda
  • Candy and gum
  • Baked goods (brownies, cakes, pies, doughnuts, pastries, etc.)
  • Frozen treats (ice cream, frozen yogurt, popsicles)
  • Sports and energy drinks
  • Juice
  • Processed, store-bought foods like cereals, breads, energy bars, yogurt, jelly and jams, salad dressings, ketchup, tomato sauce, and BBQ sauce
  • Large amounts of dried fruit
  • Flavored milk
  • Coffee and tea

What About “Healthy” Sugars?

We can compare sugars by looking at where they come from and how much they are processed. White or table sugar and corn syrup, for example, are highly processed, and both are shown to have poor effects on human health. If you substitute date sugar or molasses, which are less processed, you’ll get more minerals and antioxidants. That’s not to say these substitute sugars are good for you—they’re still added sugar—but they are less bad for you.

Another way to consider sugar is by looking at the glycemic index (GI), or the rate at which your blood sugar level is raised. The higher the GI value, the more blood sugar levels are raised. Raised blood sugar levels can lead to disease. White sugar and corn syrup have a high glycemic index. Lower GI values can be had in sugars like agave nectar, honey, or maple syrup. Unfortunately, many of these so-called healthier sugars are also more expensive.

Fruit naturally contains some sugar. But unlike most foods with added sugar, fruit has a lot of other nutrients that we need for a balanced diet. Fruit is an excellent source of fiber, vitamin C, potassium, folate, and antioxidants. The fiber helps your body absorb the fruit’s sugar more slowly. Aim to eat two cups of whole fruit per day.

How to Reduce Sugar in Your Diet

It’s tempting to think you can simply substitute “bad” sugar for “healthy” sugar. The reality is that while healthier sugars like agave syrup may be a little better for you, they aren’t good for you either. Too much sugar is still too much sugar!

If you’re baking from scratch, replace sugar in a recipe with spices, unsweetened applesauce, and/or or mashed banana, or sub a plant-based sweetener such as stevia or monk fruit. You can usually reduce the amount of sugar called for by about one-third and often not notice the difference.

If you want to satisfy your sweet tooth or enjoy a quick snack or easy dessert, try a piece of fruit! Fresh, frozen, or canned fruit are all healthy choices.

And if you do indulge in a highly sugared food, take a smaller portion and eat it slowly.

Learn more about a heart-healthy diet here.

To sum up, some types of sugar are better for you than others, but sugar is still sugar. Our advice is to cut down on your sugar intake. Choose foods with little or no sugar listed in the ingredient list, eat whole fruits when you crave something sweet, and pick water instead of sugary beverages. Less sugar, more fruit, please!

General News

Simple Exercises You Can Do at Home or at the Office

Exercising all year long provides you with a natural mood booster, more energy, less stress, better sleep, weight management, less risk of depression, and more. Despite our best intentions to stay fit and healthy, sometimes rain, sleet, or snow—or simply a 9-to-5 job—can get in the way of working out. Whether you are an older adult, an office worker, or simply want to keep moving and maximize your health inside, out of the elements this winter, there are plenty of free, indoor exercises you can do to stay in shape—no equipment needed.

What Are the Best Chair Workouts I Can Do?

Improve strength, flexibility, cardiovascular health, mobility, and balance—all from the comfort of your own chair or couch! Let’s get moving.

Seated Exercise: Calf Raises

Increase your lower legs’ strength and mobility with seated calf raises. This is a great exercise you can do discreetly at your desk, too.

Sit tall in a chair with your feet flat on the floor about hip-distance apart. Look straight ahead.

Begin with one foot, lifting the heel from the ground as high as you can. You will likely be on your toes. Slowly lower the heel back to the floor. Repeat 10 times.

Repeat the calf raise exercise with your other foot.

Seated Exercise: Shoulder Press

Develop your strength and maintain flexibility throughout your shoulder area with this simple activity.
Sit tall in a chair with your feet flat on the floor about shoulder-distance apart.

Hold a light dumbbell, water bottle, or canned good in each hand at shoulder height. Keep your elbows bent and your palms facing away from you.

Press your arms straight up overhead by extending your elbows. Slowly lower your hands back down. Repeat 10 times.

Seated Exercise: Sit-to-Stand

This exercise is essential for seniors who want to maintain mobility and independence.

Begin from a seated position and repeatedly stand up and sit back down again.

Seated Exercise: Triceps Dips

Build arm and shoulder strength with this bodyweight exercise.

Sit on the edge of your couch. Put your hands on the edge of the couch on either side of you and push yourself up.

Lower your body down toward the floor, then lift again using your arms. Repeat 10 times.

Seated Exercise: Cat-Cow Stretch

Chair yoga can be done by people of all ages and abilities. The Cat-Cow Stretch is a popular yoga movement that tones your muscles, improves spinal flexibility, and helps prevent arthritis.

Sit at the edge of your chair with your back straight. Your core muscles should be engaged.

Inhale and gradually arch your back as far as is comfortable, holding the position for about four breaths. This is the “cow” part.

Then bring your back to the position you began in, and invert the stretch. Your shoulders will be above your hips, but your back will be curved in a forward arch. Hold for about four breaths. This is the “cat” part.

What Are Some Quick Cardio Workouts I Can Do at Home?

Getting your heart rate going with exercise is great for your health. For those looking for cardio exercises with more intensity, here are a few more ideas for keeping physically active at home this winter.

  • Jump rope.
  • Climb the stairs (or stair-step during a screentime session).
  • Clean the house (mopping and vacuuming are especially good calorie-burners).
  • Throw a dance party with your family and get your heart rate going.
  • Do jumping jacks.
  • Perform push-ups.
  • DVD or YouTube workouts. Your local library likely has workout DVDs you can check out.
  • Lunges. Stand up straight with your feet a few inches apart, looking straight ahead. Step forward with one leg, gently lowering your hips toward the ground as you bend both knees. Keep the knee on the forward-stepping leg in line with the ankle. Hold the position, then step back to stand. Repeat for 1 minute, then do the same with the other leg.
  • Planks. Short on time? You can still build your core muscles and upper body strength! Get into a push-up position, but with your arms extended rather than your elbows bent. Try holding the position for 30 seconds each day. Want even more of a challenge? Add an additional 10 seconds every day to your holding time.
  • Squats. Stand up straight with your feet about shoulder-distance apart, looking straight ahead. Start to lower your body as if you’re going to sit in a chair. Keep lowering yourself until your thighs are parallel with the floor. You’ll find your upper body will lean slightly forward as your knees bend. Gradually straighten into a standing pose. Repeat 10 times.
Physical Health

A New Year: New Ways to Achieve the Life You Want

Every year when the countdown to the new year begins, people around the world start the time-honored tradition of making New Year’s resolutions. Gym memberships rises, new hobbies abound, habits are upended. While we, of course, support making healthy goals a reality, a personal resolution might not be the best method to actually achieve a goal.

Less than 10% of people stick to their New Year’s resolutions. We strive to be healthier, better versions of ourselves—an admirable aim—but with that track record, we might be better off looking at options beyond resolutions, which can lead to longer-term success, increased happiness, and improved mental wellness. Better results … better lives.

What Works Better than a New Year’s Resolution?

Rather than plunk all your hopes into a New Year’s resolution, consider crafting a New Year’s goal instead. Resolutions are the big ideas—lose weight, get healthy, learn a new skill. Goals, on the other hand, are how you get to the improvement: the steps you take on your journey to a better life.

How Do I Stick with my Goal?

To increase the likelihood your New Year’s resolution will last past the first month of the year, make your resolution a goal, and make that goal SMART. SMART goals are:
• Specific
• Measurable
• Achievable
• Relevant
• Time-bound

Using these criteria to guide your goal-setting helps make your goal clear and reachable. For more on how to create a health goal, look here.

New Ways to Celebrate the New Year

If you’re searching for how to honor the new year with a new tradition and you’re not interested in a new goal, consider writing a Look-Forward List, developing a self-reflection practice, or composing a letter to yourself. These three rituals can help you on your path to a better life and they don’t come with the pressure and failure rate that New Year’s resolutions have.

Look-Forward List

To increase your happiness, spend time savoring the anticipation of an experience. You might very well find that you enjoy life more by looking forward to life! Positive psychology research reveals it’s healthy to contemplate good times ahead, and it actually makes living in the present considerably easier. (Likewise, those who suffer from depression often experience a loss of positive anticipation.)

To fully embrace anticipation, take time as the New Year’s ball drops to write a list of what you’re looking forward to in the new year. What’s happening in the coming twelve months that you’re excited about? Big or small, include it all.

Reflect Back on the Year

January 1st is symbolically a new start. For many people, the big, bold resolutions they set cause undue anxiety. Instead, why not slow life down a notch? Rather than look ahead, look back. Consider what the past year has meant to you, pick up a pen, and reflect on questions such as:

  • How do I feel about the past year?
  • What matters most to me?
  • How do I want to be remembered?
  • What habits do I have and what habits do I want?
  • What are my strengths?

A review of the previous year helps to develop meaning and purpose in our lives. Meaning, or serving something larger than yourself, is a strong motivating factor. Connect with your core values, and let your goals naturally flow from your larger purpose. This gives you lasting motivation to power through the struggles you may experience as you work toward your goal.

Write Yourself a Letter

To combine self-reflection and anticipating experiences, consider a new New Year’s tradition: write yourself a letter on December 31. Go over how the year has been and what you wish for the coming year. Then, next year on January 1, open the letter you wrote yourself a year ago. This ritual gives you a chance to look back and reflect on how your life is going so far. By putting what we want into words and seeing it in concrete form, addressed to ourselves, we connect with our larger purpose and develop meaning in our lives—major sources of happiness, mental well-being, and ultimately a successful life.

AwarenessEmotional HealthMental HealthPhysical Health